Appellate courts let - Stare decisis is the doctrine that courts will adhere to precedent in making their decisions. Stare decisis means “to stand by things decided” in Latin. When a court faces a legal argument, if a previous court has ruled on the same or a closely related issue, then the court will make their decision in alignment with the previous court’s ...

 
It’s their turn to drive the Justice Express in our new version of Court Quest. Assign the game and allow them to explore our state and federal courts systems by helping their passengers navigate through the American judicial system. For English and Multilingual Learners: Use the support tool, Spanish translation, voiceover and glossary.. Man eating woman

An appellate court, commonly called a court of appeal (s), [1] appeal court, court of second instance or second instance court, is any court of law that is empowered to hear an appeal of a trial court or other lower tribunal. In much of the world, court systems are divided into at least three levels: the trial court, which initially hears cases ... May 11, 2022 · So, State Appellate Courts will deal with State laws, whereas Federal Appellate Courts will hear appeals for Federal offenses. So, Federal Appellate Courts will specialize in Federal laws. Aside from that, these two Courts are very similar. Both Courts will not have juries or peers present, instead all rulings will be made by Judges, or Justices. Understanding Stare Decisis. Stare Decisis—a Latin term that means “let the decision stand” or “to stand by things decided”—is a foundational concept in the American legal system. To put it simply, stare decisis holds that courts and judges should honor “precedent”—or the decisions, rulings, and opinions from prior cases.Terms in this set (48) The function of trial courts is to. Establish facts, decide guilty/notguilty (criminal) or liable/not liable (civil) The function of appellate courts is to. Review whether trial courts observed legal procedures. If appellate courts find procedural issues prevented fair trial, then remand to trial court for new trial. Supreme Court of Alabama 334.229.0700 Court of Civil Appeals 334.229.0733 Court of Criminal Appeals 334.229.0751 State Law Library 334.229.0578 About Our Judicial System WASHINGTON — A federal appeals court handed Gov. Greg Abbott a temporary victory Thursday night, granting Texas’s request to leave its anti-migrant buoys in place pending further review. On ...Students learn the purpose of appellate-level courts and how those courts operate differently from the trial courts most people are familiar with from watching television. By following the case of a real middle school girl who was strip searched at school, students find out what happens when someone takes a case all the way to the Supreme Court.Lesson Plan. iCivics presents a judicial variation of the classic card game "Go Fish!" that features the various trial court jobs. Students use a write-on courtroom game board and play with cards that show the people involved in a trial--such as judges, court staff, attorneys, and litigants--and each of their roles. Feb 24, 2021 · Congress hasn’t expanded the courts of appeals since 1990, when there were 179 active judges serving 250 million Americans. The country’s population has now risen to 330 million people, and ... The California Supreme Court agreed Wednesday to review an appellate court ruling that says state district attorneys must follow a 28-year-old law that requires prosecutors to add "strikes" based ...Appellate Courts: Let's Take it Up C. Appellate Court Crossword. Use what you have learned about the Court of Appeals and the Supreme Court to complete this crossword activity. Go back to the reading if you get stuck! Name: 13 17 10 Across 11 12 15 Down 14 16 1. Briefs filed by groups that care about how a case turns out 3.A. If the plaintiff brings a case involving concurrent jurisdiction in state court, the defendant can either let the case be decided by the state court or remove the case to federal court. B. It is also known as exclusive jurisdiction. C. State courts have concurrent jurisdiction with federal courts to hear cases involving diversity of ...decisions are precedent only within the circuit. Court of Appeals. gets to choose which cases to take. Supreme Court. Judges ask the lawyers questions. Both. requires a majority vote of judges to win. both. decisions are precedent for the whole country. Court - Appellate, Jurisdiction, Review: The tribunals described thus far are trial courts or “courts of first instance.” They see the parties to the dispute, hear the witnesses, receive the evidence, find the facts, apply the law, and determine the outcome. Appellate courts are positioned above the trial courts to review their work and to correct any errors that may have occurred ... Students learn the purpose of appellate-level courts and how those courts operate differently from the trial courts most people are familiar with from watching television. By following the case of a real middle school girl who was strip searched at school, students find out what happens when someone takes a case all the way to the Supreme Court.Appellate Courts: Let's take it up! Us government 17 Terms. Maddison_Campbell5. OTHER SETS BY THIS CREATOR. Unit 5 60 Terms. Aajah7. Unit 4: Political Ideologies and ... Lesson Plan. Need to teach the judicial branch in a hurry? In this lesson, students learn the basics of our judicial system, including the functions of the trial court, the Court of Appeals, and the Supreme Court. Students learn how a case moves up through these levels and discover that these courts exist on both the state and federal levels.decisions are precedent only within the circuit. Court of Appeals. gets to choose which cases to take. Supreme Court. Judges ask the lawyers questions. Both. requires a majority vote of judges to win. both. decisions are precedent for the whole country.The federal government operates a system of courts, and the principal trial courts are called the _______. U.S district courts. Recall that precedent springs from the doctrine of _______ (let the decision stand) and is a foundation of American law. stare decisis.Appellate Courts: Let’s Take It Up Learning Objectives. Students will be able to: Explain the purpose of the appellate courts. Describe how appellate courts work. Compare the Court of Appeals and the Supreme Court.Sep 1, 2022 · The California Supreme Court agreed Wednesday to review an appellate court ruling that says state district attorneys must follow a 28-year-old law that requires prosecutors to add "strikes" based ... decides whether the Court of Appeals judges made the right decision. 7. because there are too many petitions for one court to hear. 8. because the other person's case might have special facts that make it different from the Supreme Court case. 9. because trials are for finding out what really happened, and the Court of Appeals decides whether ... Courts that determine whether lower courts have made errors of law. Appelant or Petitioner. The part in a case who has initiated an appeal. Appellee or respondent. the party in a case against whom an appeal has been filed. Questions of fact. Questions relating to what happened: who, what, when, where, and how.Circuit Courts/Courts of Appeal. -the appeals (appellate) courts of the federal court system that review decisions of the lower (district) courts; also called courts of appeals. Concurring opinion. -an opinion written by a justice who agrees with the Court's majority opinion but has different reasons for doing so. dissenting opinion.A federal appeals court has denied former President Donald Trump's bid to block the release of some of his White House records to the House committee investigating the Jan. 6 attack on the U.S ...Stare decisis is the doctrine that courts will adhere to precedent in making their decisions. Stare decisis means “to stand by things decided” in Latin. When a court faces a legal argument, if a previous court has ruled on the same or a closely related issue, then the court will make their decision in alignment with the previous court’s ...decides whether the Court of Appeals judges made the right decision. 7. because there are too many petitions for one court to hear. 8. because the other person's case might have special facts that make it different from the Supreme Court case. 9. because trials are for finding out what really happened, and the Court of Appeals decides whether ...Lesson Plan. Students learn about the landmark case McCulloch v. Maryland, in which the Supreme Court clarified what kinds of actions Congress can take under the “necessary and proper” clause. Students find out what events led to this case, look at some examples of what “necessary and proper” could include, and examine the relationship ...Lesson Plan. Students learn about the landmark case McCulloch v. Maryland, in which the Supreme Court clarified what kinds of actions Congress can take under the “necessary and proper” clause. Students find out what events led to this case, look at some examples of what “necessary and proper” could include, and examine the relationship ... In this lesson, students learn how our country came to have a dual court system and explore how the state and federal levels of that system work. Students explore jurisdiction, trial and appellate courts, and how judges are selected. Follow this lesson by assigning The Courts in a Nutshell WebQuest to help students learn more about the court ... The federal government operates a system of courts, and the principal trial courts are called the _______. U.S district courts. Recall that precedent springs from the doctrine of _______ (let the decision stand) and is a foundation of American law. stare decisis.Appellate Courts: Let’s Take It Up Learning Objectives. Students will be able to: Explain the purpose of the appellate courts. Describe how appellate courts work. Compare the Court of Appeals and the Supreme Court.Lesson Plan. Need to teach the judicial branch in a hurry? In this lesson, students learn the basics of our judicial system, including the functions of the trial court, the Court of Appeals, and the Supreme Court. Students learn how a case moves up through these levels and discover that these courts exist on both the state and federal levels. a group of several judges who hears a case together. opinion. written document issued by the court explaining the reasoning behind its decision. lawyer. the person who represents someone in court. en blanc. all the judges from an appeals circuit hearing a case again to reconsider the decision. supreme court.WASHINGTON — A federal appeals court handed Gov. Greg Abbott a temporary victory Thursday night, granting Texas’s request to leave its anti-migrant buoys in place pending further review. On ...An appellee is the party to an appeal in which the lower court judgment was in its favor. The appellee is required to respond to the petition, oral arguments, and legal briefs of the appellant. In general, the appellee takes the procedural posture that the lower court's decision should be affirmed.Hours of Operation - 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. Monday through Friday except legal holidays. Robert C. Murphy Courts of Appeal Building. 361 Rowe Boulevard, 4th floor. Annapolis, MD 21401. 410-260-1500 • 800-926-2583 • TTY users call Maryland Relay 711. Directions. Supreme Court of Maryland Website. Terms in this set (18) The court of appeals does not hold a trial all over again. trial are for finding out what really happened, and the court of Appeals only decide whether the lower court judge correctly applied the law. the court of appeals must accept every case. people have an automatic right of appeal after a decision is made in trial ...Fill out every fillable field. Make sure the information you add to the Appellate Courts Let's Take It Up Answers is updated and correct. Add the date to the document using the Date feature. Select the Sign icon and create an e-signature. There are 3 available options; typing, drawing, or uploading one.Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Most state court systems include all of the following EXCEPT? A. limited-jurisdiction trial courts B. intermediate appellate courts C. special-jurisdiction federal district courts D. general-jurisdiction trial courts E. highest state court, Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement regarding small claims courts? A. Many ...Will the Court of Appeals hold a trial all over again? 2. How tall is the Supreme Court building? 3. Does the Court of Appeals have to accept every case? 4. Will there be a jury to decide the case at the Court of Appeals? 5. Are there any women justices on the Supreme Court? 6. Is there only one judge at the Court of Appeals? 7.May 4, 2022 · The video was excluded by the trial court without the trial court reviewing the video. The appellate court reversed and remanded. Appellate courts around the country have similarly admonished trial courts that the proper exercise of discretion requires viewing visual evidence, particularly when balancing admissibility under Rule 403. Mar 16, 2022 · An appeals court earlier cleared the way for his release, ordering the actor be released from jail after posting a personal recognizance bond of $150,000, and pending the appeal of his conviction ... Students learn the purpose of appellate-level courts and how those courts operate differently from the trial courts most people are familiar with from watching television. By following the case of a real middle school girl who was strip searched at school, students find out what happens when someone takes a case all the way to the Supreme Court. A decision made by an appellate court that acts as a law to cases with very similar facts. panel. A group of several judges who hears a case together. trial court. the court where a case begins. Important. the supreme court only hears cases with this kind of issue. rejected. how the Supreme Court handles most appealed cases. The appellate court determines whether errors occurred in applying the law at the lower court level. It generally will reverse a trial court only for an error of law. Not every error of law, however, is cause for a reversal. Some are harmless errors that did not prejudice the rights of the parties to a fair trial.Appellate Courts: Let's take it up! Us government 17 Terms. Maddison_Campbell5. OTHER SETS BY THIS CREATOR. Unit 5 60 Terms. Aajah7. Unit 4: Political Ideologies and ... Jun 9, 2023 · A right-leaning panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 11 th Circuit—which included two Trump appointees—soon stayed this portion of her decision, highlighting its “chilling” effect on ... Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Friends of the Court, Lawyer, Supreme Court and more. The highest court you can appeal to. Brief. Written document a lawyer files with the court to explain his or her arguments. questions. Appellate court judges ask these during oral argument. Dissent. A separate opinion written by a judge who does not agree with majority of the judges. petition.Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Friends of the Court, Lawyer, Supreme Court and more. Terms in this set (18) The court of appeals does not hold a trial all over again. trial are for finding out what really happened, and the court of Appeals only decide whether the lower court judge correctly applied the law. the court of appeals must accept every case. people have an automatic right of appeal after a decision is made in trial ...Dec 10, 2021 · A federal appeals court has denied former President Donald Trump's bid to block the release of some of his White House records to the House committee investigating the Jan. 6 attack on the U.S ... Unformatted text preview: Appellate Courts: Let's Take it Up Name: C. Appellate Court Crossword.Use what you have learned about the Court of Appeals and the F Supreme Court to complete this crossword activity. 21 a w y Er Go back to the reading if you get stuck! delet B b a n C up r ( me C O U + h ckspace 8 d i ssent D 9 m P h 12 reCe d h 131 C + S 6 15 r a I C 18 ur + u h V a A 17 h r e n ...Appellate Courts: Let’s Take It Up Learning Objectives. Students will be able to: Explain the purpose of the appellate courts. Describe how appellate courts work. Compare the Court of Appeals and the Supreme Court.Students learn the purpose of appellate-level courts and how those courts operate differently from the trial courts most people are familiar with from watching television. By following the case of a real middle school girl who was strip searched at school, students find out what happens when someone takes a case all the way to the Supreme Court.Students learn the purpose of appellate-level courts and how those courts operate differently from the trial courts most people are familiar with from watching television. By following the case of a real middle school girl who was strip searched at school, students find out what happens when someone takes a case all the way to the Supreme Court.Lesson Plan. Need to teach the judicial branch in a hurry? In this lesson, students learn the basics of our judicial system, including the functions of the trial court, the Court of Appeals, and the Supreme Court. Students learn how a case moves up through these levels and discover that these courts exist on both the state and federal levels.The federal government operates a system of courts, and the principal trial courts are called the _______. U.S district courts. Recall that precedent springs from the doctrine of _______ (let the decision stand) and is a foundation of American law. stare decisis.The highest court you can appeal to. Brief. Written document a lawyer files with the court to explain his or her arguments. questions. Appellate court judges ask these during oral argument. Dissent. A separate opinion written by a judge who does not agree with majority of the judges. petition.Use what you learned about each court to draw the inside of the courtrooms. Appellate Courts: Let’s Take it Up Name: A. Compare! Decide whether each description fits the Court of Appeals only, Supreme Court only, or both, and write the letter of the description in the correct part of the diagram. The first one is done for you. A a member of the Supreme Court who is not the chief justice. brief. a written legal argument presented to a court by one of the parties in a case. chief of justice. the highest-ranking justice on the Supreme Court. conference. closed meeting of the justices to discuss cases on the docket and take an initial vote.So, State Appellate Courts will deal with State laws, whereas Federal Appellate Courts will hear appeals for Federal offenses. So, Federal Appellate Courts will specialize in Federal laws. Aside from that, these two Courts are very similar. Both Courts will not have juries or peers present, instead all rulings will be made by Judges, or Justices.A. If the plaintiff brings a case involving concurrent jurisdiction in state court, the defendant can either let the case be decided by the state court or remove the case to federal court. B. It is also known as exclusive jurisdiction. C. State courts have concurrent jurisdiction with federal courts to hear cases involving diversity of ...Smollett’s lawyers filed an emergency motion to postpone his sentence on Monday and an appellate judge found that because Smollett had been convicted of “non-violent” offenses, the court ...Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like D.Appellate courts have the power to review previous judicial decisions passed by trial courts., C.Trial courts have the power to hear and decide cases when they first enter the legal system., B.When it gives the defendant a copy of the complaints and a summons and more. Students learn the purpose of appellate-level courts and how those courts operate differently from the trial courts most people are familiar with from watching television. By following the case of a real middle school girl who was strip searched at school, students find out what happens when someone takes a case all the way to the Supreme Court. Students learn the purpose of appellate-level courts and how those courts operate differently from the trial courts most people are familiar with from watching television. By following the case of a real middle school girl who was strip searched at school, students find out what happens when someone takes a case all the way to the Supreme Court. Use what you learned about each court to draw the inside of the courtrooms. Appellate Courts: Let’s Take it Up. Name: A. Compare! Decide whether each description fits the Court of Appeals only, Supreme Court only, or both, and write the letter of the description in the correct part of the diagram. The first one is done for you. AMay 4, 2022 · The video was excluded by the trial court without the trial court reviewing the video. The appellate court reversed and remanded. Appellate courts around the country have similarly admonished trial courts that the proper exercise of discretion requires viewing visual evidence, particularly when balancing admissibility under Rule 403. stare decisis ‘let the decision stand’. The Anglo-American system of dealing with PRECEDENTS depends on a court's position in the hierarchy of courts. A court will be compelled to follow the previous decision where the decision is in point, i.e. where the facts are sufficiently similar to require the application of the same law, e.g. in England the Court of Appeal must follow the House of ... Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Friends of the Court, Lawyer, Supreme Court and more.Hours of Operation - 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. Monday through Friday except legal holidays. Robert C. Murphy Courts of Appeal Building. 361 Rowe Boulevard, 4th floor. Annapolis, MD 21401. 410-260-1500 • 800-926-2583 • TTY users call Maryland Relay 711. Directions. Supreme Court of Maryland Website. Hours of Operation - 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. Monday through Friday except legal holidays. Robert C. Murphy Courts of Appeal Building. 361 Rowe Boulevard, 4th floor. Annapolis, MD 21401. 410-260-1500 • 800-926-2583 • TTY users call Maryland Relay 711. Directions. Supreme Court of Maryland Website. Appellate Courts: Let’s Take It Up. Students learn what happens in appellate-level courts and how those courts operate differently from the trial courts most people are familiar with from watching television. By following the case of a real middle school girl who was strip searched at school, students find out what happens when someone takes ... Interlocutory appeal is a tool that circumvents waiting for the final decision of the district court, instead allowing direct appeal to the appellate court while the action is pending. This practice point illustrates the operation of Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure 5.0, below. Rule 5. Appeal by Permission (a) Petition for Permission to Appeal.Students learn the purpose of appellate-level courts and how those courts operate differently from the trial courts most people are familiar with from watching television. By following the case of a real middle school girl who was strip searched at school, students find out what happens when someone takes a case all the way to the Supreme Court. Courts that determine whether lower courts have made errors of law. Appelant or Petitioner. The part in a case who has initiated an appeal. Appellee or respondent. the party in a case against whom an appeal has been filed. Questions of fact. Questions relating to what happened: who, what, when, where, and how.Appellate Courts: Let’s Take it Up Student Rights — Violated! Safford Unified School Dist. v. Redding (2009) Savana Redding must have been furious when she lost her court case in the trial court. It all started when someone told the school principal Savana was giving pills to other students. Even though Savana had never been in troubleAppellate Courts: Let’s Take It Up Learning Objectives. Students will be able to: Explain the purpose of the appellate courts. Describe how appellate courts work. Compare the Court of Appeals and the Supreme Court.Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Friends of the Court, Lawyer, Supreme Court and more. Terms in this set (18) The court of appeals does not hold a trial all over again. trial are for finding out what really happened, and the court of Appeals only decide whether the lower court judge correctly applied the law. the court of appeals must accept every case. people have an automatic right of appeal after a decision is made in trial ...Federal appeals court judges hear appeals cases from district courts. What would happen if the appeals court decided that a trial by a district court was fair? a. The case would go back to district court for a new trial. b. The district court's decision would stand. c. The district court's decision would be switched. d. The Supreme Court would ... Oct 8, 2022 · DOWNLOAD APPELLATE COURTS LET’S TAKE IT UP ICIVICS AND GET THE ANSWERS. We know how hard it can be to study for a license exam. It’s easy to get lost in the details, and it can be frustrating when you don’t have access to all the resources you need. That’s why we’ve created this page—to make sure that everything is right at your ... Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse and Rep. Henry Johnson, Jr. (21-AP-H) (pdf, 1.05 MB) Advisory Committee on Appellate Rules - October 2021. October 2021. Meeting Minutes. Appellate. Download. Minutes of the Fall 2021 Meeting of the Advisory Committee on the Appellate Rules October 7, 2021.Apr 27, 2022 · Unformatted text preview: Appellate Courts: Let's Take it Up Name: C. Appellate Court Crossword.Use what you have learned about the Court of Appeals and the F Supreme Court to complete this crossword activity. 21 a w y Er Go back to the reading if you get stuck! delet B b a n C up r ( me C O U + h ckspace 8 d i ssent D 9 m P h 12 reCe d h 131 C + S 6 15 r a I C 18 ur + u h V a A 17 h r e n ...

Lesson Plan. iCivics presents a judicial variation of the classic card game "Go Fish!" that features the various trial court jobs. Students use a write-on courtroom game board and play with cards that show the people involved in a trial--such as judges, court staff, attorneys, and litigants--and each of their roles.. Skechers kohl

appellate courts let

Through this case, students learn about the structure of the federal court system and the way appellate courts decide cases. Got a 1:1 classroom? Download fillable PDF versions of this lesson's materials below! The plaintiff won. Believing the trial judge erred in some way, the defendant appeals. Now the district court has issued its decision, and it agreed with the defendant. At the very end of the opinion are these seven words: “Reversed and remanded for a new trial.”. Okay, fair enough — we’ll have a second go at a trial.decisions are precedent only within the circuit. Court of Appeals. gets to choose which cases to take. Supreme Court. Judges ask the lawyers questions. Both. requires a majority vote of judges to win. both. decisions are precedent for the whole country. This lesson plan on Appellate Courts from the iCivics website is organized and easy to understand. It has a step-by-step plan for teachers, including a description of the lesson, learning objectives, and worksheets. Each lesson is laid out in the same way, keeping it easy to understand.decisions are precedent only within the circuit. Court of Appeals. gets to choose which cases to take. Supreme Court. Judges ask the lawyers questions. Both. requires a majority vote of judges to win. both. decisions are precedent for the whole country.May 11, 2022 · So, State Appellate Courts will deal with State laws, whereas Federal Appellate Courts will hear appeals for Federal offenses. So, Federal Appellate Courts will specialize in Federal laws. Aside from that, these two Courts are very similar. Both Courts will not have juries or peers present, instead all rulings will be made by Judges, or Justices. decides whether the Court of Appeals judges made the right decision. 7. because there are too many petitions for one court to hear. 8. because the other person's case might have special facts that make it different from the Supreme Court case. 9. because trials are for finding out what really happened, and the Court of Appeals decides whether ...Students learn the purpose of appellate-level courts and how those courts operate differently from the trial courts most people are familiar with from watching television. By following the case of a real middle school girl who was strip searched at school, students find out what happens when someone takes a case all the way to the Supreme Court.Appellate jurisdiction exists for both civil law and criminal law . In an appellate case, the party that appealed the lower court's decision is called the appellate, and the other party is the appellee . In order for an appellate court to hear a case, a party must typically file an appeal, in which it contests the decision of a lower court.Oct. 6, 2014. WASHINGTON — The Supreme Court on Monday let stand appeals court rulings allowing same-sex marriage in five states, a major surprise that could signal the inevitability of the ...The federal government operates a system of courts, and the principal trial courts are called the _______. U.S district courts. Recall that precedent springs from the doctrine of _______ (let the decision stand) and is a foundation of American law. stare decisis.Mar 16, 2022 · Smollett’s lawyers filed an emergency motion to postpone his sentence on Monday and an appellate judge found that because Smollett had been convicted of “non-violent” offenses, the court ... Lesson Plan. This mini-lesson takes a look at the role of fair and impartial courts in American life. Students learn about how judges are selected and held accountable. It also looks at how judges focus on the facts in order to keep things fair. This resource is accompanied by a short video from the Informed Voters Project.Related to appellate courts let's take it up crossword At wwwhealth-edcom you can PAID David R Larsen MFHD - mtota Presented by: David PR SRT STD U.S. POSTAGE PAID PERMIT NO. 1957 EAU CLAIRE, WI Register as a group or individual Join our mailing list Update your mailing Jun 9, 2023 · A right-leaning panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 11 th Circuit—which included two Trump appointees—soon stayed this portion of her decision, highlighting its “chilling” effect on ... Feb 24, 2021 · Congress hasn’t expanded the courts of appeals since 1990, when there were 179 active judges serving 250 million Americans. The country’s population has now risen to 330 million people, and ... Unformatted text preview: Appellate Courts: Let's Take it Up Name: C. Appellate Court Crossword.Use what you have learned about the Court of Appeals and the F Supreme Court to complete this crossword activity. 21 a w y Er Go back to the reading if you get stuck! delet B b a n C up r ( me C O U + h ckspace 8 d i ssent D 9 m P h 12 reCe d h 131 C + S 6 15 r a I C 18 ur + u h V a A 17 h r e n ....

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